Components of a GIS
A working GIS integrates five key components:
Hardware, Software, Data, People, and Methods.
Hardware: Hardware is the computer and related equipment on which a GIS operates. Today, GIS software runs on a wide range of hardware types, from centralized computer servers to desktop computers used in stand-alone or networked configurations.
Software: GIS software provides the functions and tools needed to store, analyze, and display geographic information.
Data: Possibly the most important component of a GIS is the data. Geographic data and related tabular data can be collected in-house or purchased from a commercial data provider. A GIS will integrate spatial data with other data resources. GIS information is organized in logical coverage layers, one for each type of information being accumulated and reported (i.e. street centerlines, waterlines, street lights, etc.). CCGIS is committed to maintaining up-to-date databases and to increasing the number of pertinent coverage levels.
People: GIS technology is of limited value without the people who manage the system and develop plans for applying it to real-world problems. GIS users range from technical specialists who design and maintain the system to those who use it to help them perform their everyday work.
Methods: A successful GIS operates according to a well-designed plan and business rules, which are the models and operating practices unique to each organization.
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